Riccardia graeffei
Diagnostic characters—Thalli palmately or sometimes pinnately branched yellowish-green; 3-5 cells thick in cross section; margins entire, unistratose, winged, 3-4 cells wide; epidermal cells smaller than inner cells, quadrate to hexagonal, thin-walled, smooth; oil bodies segments, globose to ovoid, brownish, 1-5 per cell in epidermal layers, 4-8 per cell in inner layers. Autoicous and sometimes also paroicous. Male inflorescences on both sides of thalli margins, with fringed paraphyses; female inflorescences on both sides of thalli margins with yellowish, oblong to linear involucres, smooth in lower part, scabrid in upper part, up to 5 mm long; capsules cylindric, blackish; setae pellucid, erect; elaterophores on the walls, dehiscent in 4 valves; elaters unispiral, brownish; spores spherical, smooth, brownish
Distribution—Japan, Indonesia, tropical Asia, Australasia, Pacific Islands, and Thailand.
Ecology—on soil, rocks, and rotten trunks in primary, evergreen seasonal, hardwood forest, granite bedrock, Pu Ping Palace, c. 1,400 m elevation, Huay Kawk (Kog) Ma, c. 1,350 m elevation, Mahidol Falls, c. 1,058 m elevation, near Wat (temple) Pra Tat Doi Suthep, c. 950 m elevation; on soil, rocks, and rotten trunks in mixed evergreen+deciduous, seasonal, hardwood forest, granite bedrock, Sirindhorn Observatory area, c. 850 m elevation, Huay Pa Laht (stream), c. 750 m elevation; on soil and rocks in deciduous-dipterocarp-oak, seasonal hardwood forest, granite bedrock, Sri Sang Wan Fall, c. 713 m elevation, Mawk Fa Falls, c. 555 m elevation, Daht Mawk Falls, c. 495 m elevation.